Dok ja marljivo radim na nadopuni EkonIzbora za Rujan, ali i neke prije mjesece za koje mogu dodati par “vijest”, izdvojio sam tri slike iz nedavno objavljenog DoingBusiness Report za Hrvatsku i tekst iz WSJ. Tekst je općenito o izvještaju, ali i spominje Hrvatsku u vrlo povoljnom svijetlu. (Za tekst članka otvorite cijeli post). Za one koji prate Economist mogli su primjetiti da je nedavno pisao o izborima u hrvatskoj, nažalost samo na webu. Za printano izdanje je još valjda rano ili su naši izbori relativno dosadni. No, htio sam istaknuti, bez neke zlobe, da bi novinari business.hr mogli uzeti koji tečaj iz engleskog. Naime, prevode Economist-ov tekst “Milanović će nominirati profesora ekonomije dr. Ljubu Jurčića za novog premijera, stručnjaka koji se tek nedavno pridružio SDP-u, ali je zbog svojih sposobnosti stekao nemalu popularnost.” Dok originalni tekst ne spominje nikakve “sposobnosti” već samo kaže: “Jurcic, a professor of economics, has only recently joined the SDP and is popular in his own right.” Dosta izvrnuto i nategnuto prevođenje. Ne bi očekivao od Economista ili sličnih uglednih publikacija da posebno navedu sposobnosti, a da ne objasne i daju primjer, pa mi je bilo sumnjičavo prevođenje “sposobnosti” a bez prevođenja koje su te sposobnosti.
Nego, vezano za Doing Business, primjetite ključna objašnjenja, bold i podcrtano, za razumjevanje izvješća. Iako su krajnje promjene vrlo bitne, brzina promjena može odlučiti mjesto na tablici. No taj postignuti rang nije bitniji od samih promjena tijekom zadnjih par godina. U tablici lijevo vidimo da smo najviše napredovali u dobivanju kredita, čak za 63 mjesta. Ako se sjećate u nedavnom Economic Freedom Report, upravo smo najvišu ocjenu dobili za regulaciju tržišta kredita (9.2 od 10) i to nam je od svih najbolje rangirano područje.
Odmah nakon dobivanja kredita, najviše smo napredovali u Plaćanju Poreza. Zbog toga sam izdvojio tablicu koja uspoređuje HR sa regijom i zemljama OECDa u vezi poreza koja poduzeća moraju plaćati, koliko im oni uzmu vremena i profita. Primjetite da vrlo dobro stojimo po nekim parametrima od regije. Država si mora omastiti brke, ali joj ne ide na čast da smo pali u dva ključna faktora za poslovanje: Zaštita Investitora i Provedba Ugovora. Nisam izdvojio tablicu za Zapošljavanje Radnika, ali kao što vidi iz gornje tablice, to nam je druga najlošija točka. Na indexu Teškoće Zapošljavanja imamo vrijednost 61 (100 je najlošije), skoro pa duplo gore od regije. I Troškovi Otpuštanja (mjereni u tjednima plaća) su nam dosta loši, sa 39 tjedana naspram 26.1 za regiju. Pojedinačne i detaljne tablice i indexe Hrvatske za sve parametre možete pronaći ovdje.
Egypt, Saudi Arabia Rise In World Bank Rankings
By BOB DAVIS
September 26, 2007; Page A6
WASHINGTON — Egypt and Saudi Arabia, long considered bureaucratic mazes, changed their laws and regulations to make it substantially easier to start and run businesses, according to a yearly World Bank report that tracks business reforms globally.
Among the top 10 “reformers” cited by the World Bank in its fifth-annual ranking were four countries from Central and Eastern Europe (Croatia, Macedonia, Georgia and Bulgaria); two from the Middle East (Egypt and Saudi Arabia); two from Africa (Ghana and Kenya); and China and Colombia. The bank has regularly lauded the Eastern European countries, China and Colombia for reducing barriers to business; the emergence of Saudi Arabia and Egypt is new. Egypt was listed as the top reformer, having made improvements in five of 10 categories affecting business tracked by the World Bank. Developing nations compete with one another to move up on the World Bank rankings of 178 nations, figuring a better ranking will mean additional investment and, ultimately, economic growth.
The report also becomes a way for the World Bank’s private-sector unit, International Finance Corp., to encourage economic ministries to press ahead with market-friendly changes. A computer simulation model on a World Bank Web site, http://www.doingbusiness.org, lets officials see how changes in, say, their bankruptcy or tax rules would likely affect their standings.
The World Bank guards the results of the overall rankings closely. Countries promote themselves in anticipation of better ratings. A week ago, a Kazakhstan economic official predicted his country would move up substantially from its 63rd slot because of the steps it had taken to make it easier for businesses to operate in the country. Instead, the country fell to No. 71 because the pace of overhaul in other countries was more rapid. The bank also added three countries to its rankings this year.
Among the 10 areas tracked by the World Bank are regulations involved in starting businesses, obtaining licenses, registering property, getting credit, paying taxes and closing businesses. Saudi Arabia, for instance, has been among the toughest places in the world to start a business. The country cut layers of bureaucracy and reduced the time to approve start-ups to 15 days from 39. Saudi Arabia jumped 15 places in the overall rankings to No. 23
Egypt slashed the minimum capital requirement to start a business to 10,000 Egyptian pounds ($1,800) from 50,000 Egyptian pounds. Two years ago in Croatia, it took 956 days to register property; now it takes 174 days, the World Bank report found.
There is no clear link between a country’s overall ranking and its economic well-being. China, the economic star of the past two decades, was in the middle of the pack this year at No. 83, while India, whose economy has taken off in the past few years, lagged behind at No. 120. Bank economists say a country’s ranking is less important than its change over the past several years. Two years ago, China was No. 108, and India was No. 138; their rise in the ranking reflects the progress they have made.
Venezuela was the country that has dropped the farthest in the rankings. In search of what President Hugo Chávez calls “21st Century Socialism,” Venezuela has nationalized industries and made it harder for companies to get export licenses and to fire workers, all of which discouraged investment outside the oil sector. Two years ago, the country was ranked No. 144; this year, it came in at No. 172.
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